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Litzi Friedmann, born Alice Kohlmann (1910–1991), was an Austrian Communist of Jewish origins who was the first wife of Kim Philby, a member of the Cambridge Five. ==Life== Friedmann was born in Vienna, the daughter of Israel and Gisella Kohlman. In 1928, Kohlmann married at the age of 18 but divorced a year later. She was married to Karl Friedmann. She joined the Communist Party and was imprisoned by Austria in 1932 for a few weeks. She was then the mistress of Gábor Péter (Benjámin Eisenberger).〔Boris Volodarsky: Stalin's Agent: The Life and Death of Alexander Orlov. Oxford University Press, London, 2014, ISBN 978-0-19-965658-5.〕 Philby arrived in Vienna in 1933. In February 1934, the Dollfuss government began a further crackdown on known leftists. Philby and Kohlman believed that she would be a target, so they married in Vienna on 24 February. In her book ''The Private Life of Kim Philby: The Moscow Years'', Philby's last wife, Rufina, quotes another author, whom she calls Brown (this is probably Anthony Cave Brown), as saying that Teddy Kollek was at the wedding. In any event, more than twenty years later, Kollek recognized Philby at CIA headquarters. In April 1934, after the Socialist movement collapsed, they left Vienna for London, and arrived in May. Friedmann had a friend in London who was working for Soviet intelligence, the Vienna-born photographer Edith Tudor-Hart. One biographer of Philby, Genrikh Borovik, who had access to the Soviet archives, says that Tudor-Hart recommended Friedmann and Philby as suitable candidates for NKVD recruitment. Friedmann and Philby split up in the 1930s – some sources claim that Philby had to distance himself from known communists to penetrate the British establishment. However, they remained in contact for years afterwards and divorced only in 1946. In 1947, after the war, Friedmann and the German-Jewish refugee Georg Honigmann went to live in East Berlin, where Honigmann became editor of the Berliner Zeitung. Friedmann died in 1991. Barbara Honigmann has written a biography of Friedmann. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Litzi Friedmann」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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